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Jessica Campbell

Université de Toronto

Les recherches de Jessica portent sur la nature multiphasée du champ magnétique de notre Galaxie et sur la façon dont il relie les différentes phases du milieu interstellaire (MIS). Qu'il s'agisse du milieu ionisé chaud turbulent (MII) qui remplit une grande partie de la Galaxie ou du milieu neutre froid (MNC), souvent présent sous forme de feuillets et de filaments, ce MIS complexe est imprégné de rayons cosmiques et de champs magnétiques de haute énergie. Accélérés par le champ magnétique, ces rayons cosmiques émettent un rayonnement synchrotron fortement polarisé linéairement. Lorsque cette émission polarisée traverse le MIS au premier plan, les électrons thermiques et les champs magnétiques du MIS font tourner le plan de polarisation, un effet appelé rotation de Faraday. Ces rayons cosmiques peuvent également pénétrer et ioniser les régions les plus denses du MIS, ce qui provoque le couplage du milieu majoritairement neutre au champ magnétique via des structures HI linéaires de 21 cm appelées « fibres HI ». Malgré la richesse des informations sur le champ magnétique du MIS et du MNC, on sait très peu de choses sur leurs relations mutuelles. Les milieux diffus ionisés et les milieux froids agglomérés partagent-ils un champ magnétique commun ? Si oui, à quelle fréquence et dans quelles circonstances cela se produit-il ? Telles sont les questions qui motivent les recherches de Jessica.

Figure 1 shows a region that she calls S1-C where the local magnetic field appears to be coupled between the diffuse WIM and clumpy CNM, soon to appear in ApJ. The red image shows the spatial gradient of the synchrotron polarization vector, also called the polarization gradient, which identifies abrupt changes in the thermal electron density and/or line-of-sight magnetic field strength within the WIM. The polarization gradient shows two prominent filaments, F1 and F3, that run parallel to the Galactic plane. The first of these filaments, F1, is coincident with a bright h-alpha filament, shown in green, which highlights an increase in gas density and/or ionization that is likely producing the Faraday rotation associated with F1. The southern end of F1 contains a knee feature along which there is an ionization front, which then breaks off into a fork morphology. Interestingly, F3 is not found in any other tracer and is possibly caused by a change in the magnetic field geometry, itself an interesting find.
Figure 1 shows a region that she calls S1-C where the local magnetic field appears to be coupled between the diffuse WIM and clumpy CNM, soon to appear in ApJ. The red image shows the spatial gradient of the synchrotron polarization vector, also called the polarization gradient, which identifies abrupt changes in the thermal electron density and/or line-of-sight magnetic field strength within the WIM. The polarization gradient shows two prominent filaments, F1 and F3, that run parallel to the Galactic plane. The first of these filaments, F1, is coincident with a bright h-alpha filament, shown in green, which highlights an increase in gas density and/or ionization that is likely producing the Faraday rotation associated with F1. The southern end of F1 contains a knee feature along which there is an ionization front, which then breaks off into a fork morphology. Interestingly, F3 is not found in any other tracer and is possibly caused by a change in the magnetic field geometry, itself an interesting find.
Figure 2 shows Planck dust emission at 353 GHz, where the coloured image is the total (unpolarized) intensity and the textured lines indicate the magnetic field orientation. The dust emission clearly contains the same knee and fork morphologies, and the overall field orientation is roughly parallel to the polarized filaments F1 and F3. There is yet another filament seen in the dust, F3, which runs between F1 and F3 in parallel and contains prominent HI fibers. This alignment between F1, F2, F3, HI fibers, and dust field orientation is very exciting because it suggests that the magnetic field within the WIM somehow “knows” about that within the CNM. More comprehensive studies are needed to understand whether regions like S1-C are unique places in the Galaxy or if they represent a more global trend of magnetic field coupling between ISM phases.
Figure 2 shows Planck dust emission at 353 GHz, where the coloured image is the total (unpolarized) intensity and the textured lines indicate the magnetic field orientation. The dust emission clearly contains the same knee and fork morphologies, and the overall field orientation is roughly parallel to the polarized filaments F1 and F3. There is yet another filament seen in the dust, F3, which runs between F1 and F3 in parallel and contains prominent HI fibers. This alignment between F1, F2, F3, HI fibers, and dust field orientation is very exciting because it suggests that the magnetic field within the WIM somehow “knows” about that within the CNM. More comprehensive studies are needed to understand whether regions like S1-C are unique places in the Galaxy or if they represent a more global trend of magnetic field coupling between ISM phases.

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